Tirzepatide
Stylized molecular signature · scaled by MW
~5 days (~117 h) in humans SC. Two-compartment PK; 99% albumin-bound via C20 fatty-diacid linker at Lys20. Schneck et al., CPT: Pharmacometrics 2024; Mounjaro FDA label.
Profiled for reference only.
Tirzepatide is indexed here for literature reference. Peptide Plus does not list this compound at the time of this page generation. Peptide Plus remains the seller of record for any compound listed on alphapeptide.store — we do not ship, store, or handle product.
How it’s studied.
Tirzepatide is a 39-residue dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor co-agonist based on the GIP backbone with Aib substitutions at positions 2 and 13 and a C20 fatty-diacid attached at Lys20 for albumin binding. It activates GIPR with near-native affinity but binds GLP-1R approximately 5-fold weaker than native GLP-1, making it an imbalanced co-agonist biased toward GIPR. Downstream Gαs-cAMP signaling at both receptors enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion, slows gastric emptying, and engages hypothalamic appetite circuits.
Tirzepatide (LY3298176) is Eli Lilly's first-in-class dual incretin agonist, combining GIP and GLP-1 receptor activation in a single 39-amino-acid scaffold. Its imbalanced pharmacology — full GIPR activity with attenuated GLP-1R signaling — produced unprecedented weight-loss magnitudes in SURMOUNT trials, making it the leading benchmark for current and next-generation polyagonist research.
- 01
Glycemic control studies in T2D models (HbA1c, insulin sensitivity)
- 02
Adiposity and lean-mass partitioning in DIO rodents
- 03
Hepatic steatosis (MASH/NASH) preclinical research
- 04
Comparator arm vs. mono-GLP-1 agonists
Reported in literature: 2.5 mg weekly titrated to 5–15 mg weekly SC (clinical research, not for human use)
Verify each value in primary literature.
Pre-filled defaults for Tirzepatide.
- Concentration
- 2.50mg/mL
- Draw on U-100
- 100units
- Volume / dose
- 1.000mL
- Doses / vial
- 2
Assumes 27-gauge insulin syringe, U-100 markings. Verify before use.
Open in calculatorCo-factors and supporting compounds.
Moderate evidenceCompounds identified in published research as sharing pathways with Tirzepatide, or studied alongside it in trials. Reference material only — not a recommendation, not medical advice. Citations link to PubMed.
Dietary protein (with resistance training)
Whole-food proteinPharmacologic weight loss drives lean mass loss alongside fat loss; protein supplies amino acid substrate, resistance training potentiates muscle protein synthesis
Tirzepatide produces some of the largest weight reductions in the incretin class (up to ~22.5% in SURMOUNT-1), and approximately 25% of that lost weight is reported as lean mass in published analyses. The post hoc analysis of SURMOUNT-1-4 by Almandoz and colleagues found rare clinical malnutrition events but specifically noted that routine vitamin and mineral surveillance was not collected in the trials, limiting micronutrient conclusions. Reviews of GLP-1 RA sarcopenia again identify high protein intake and resistance training as the principal nutritional levers studied alongside the drug class.
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)
Methylcobalamin or cyanocobalaminDelayed gastric emptying reduces food-bound B12 release; concurrent metformin compounds ileal absorption interference
Tirzepatide shares the dual GLP-1/GIP delayed-gastric-emptying mechanism that drives the broader incretin-class cobalamin signal. The Urbina 2026 narrative review reports thiamine and cobalamin deficits that increase over time in pooled GLP-1 RA users (a category that includes tirzepatide cohorts in the underlying observational datasets). In type 2 diabetes, tirzepatide is also routinely combined with metformin, where the metformin-B12 depletion relationship is well established in long-term DPPOS data and a 2016 meta-analysis. Studied through deficiency surveillance, not dedicated tirzepatide supplementation RCTs.
Magnesium
Magnesium chloride, glycinate, or citrateMagnesium is a cofactor in insulin signaling and tyrosine kinase activity; deficiency is over-represented in the type 2 diabetes population tirzepatide is prescribed for
Tirzepatide is used predominantly in populations with insulin resistance (type 2 diabetes, obesity). Magnesium deficiency is well-documented to worsen insulin sensitivity in those populations, and oral magnesium supplementation has been reported in a 2004 placebo-controlled trial to improve HOMA-IR in hypomagnesemic non-diabetic insulin-resistant subjects (from 4.6 to 2.6) and in a 2017 meta-analysis to improve fasting glucose, HDL, LDL, triglycerides and systolic blood pressure in type 2 diabetes. The shared population — insulin-resistant adults with high magnesium-deficiency prevalence — makes magnesium status a documented co-factor for the pathway tirzepatide is targeting, even though direct co-administration RCTs with tirzepatide are not published.
Tirzepatide cofactor evidence is partly subsumed in pooled GLP-1 RA analyses. The Almandoz SURMOUNT post hoc explicitly notes the absence of routine micronutrient measurement in the pivotal trials, so direct tirzepatide micronutrient data is thinner than the broader class data suggests.